Diamonds are the hardest substance known to man with the highest rating of 10 on the Mohs scale of hardness. Only a diamond can scratch another diamond. A diamond is made of pure carbon, the only gemstone made of just one element. Interestingly, carbon is the building block that is found in every living thing on Earth. What makes diamonds so hard is their unique crystal structure, the specific arrangement of carbon atoms. Millions and millions years ago when the continents were formed, enough heat and pressure were present deep inside the Earth to create diamonds. Blue diamonds are created when boron is present in addition to the carbon atoms. Yellow diamonds form when nitrogen is present. Diamonds have found their way to the surface through the eruption of volcanoes. The rock formed by the volcanoes is called Kimberlite and that is where diamonds are found. Today diamonds are mined in about 25 countries, with a large percentage being mined in South Africa.

Diamond care: Diamonds repel water but unfortunately readily accept wax or grease. Diamonds will become dirty and dull when they are exposed to skin oils, perfumes, lotions, dirt, and dust. These elements adhere to the surface of the diamond and reduce its brilliance.  To clean your diamond, steaming or ultrasonic cleaners are acceptable. Your diamond jewelry may also be cleaned with a soft-bristled brush or a cloth with plain or soapy water or mild household chemicals.